Naphtha is a light petroleum fraction consisting of a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, typically containing hydrocarbons in the C5–C12 range, including paraffins, naphthenes, and varying amounts of aromatic compounds.

Naphtha is obtained through the fractional distillation of crude oil in refineries and is widely used in the petrochemical industry, gasoline production, and as feedstock for chemical processing units.

Naphtha is highly flammable, with a typical flash point of approximately −25°C to −30°C, depending on the type and composition of the naphtha.